Everything about Francisco Morales Berm Dez totally explained
Francisco Morales Bermúdez Cerruti (born 1921) was a centrist
Peruvian general who came to power in
Peru in 1975 after deposing his predecessor, General
Juan Velasco. His grandfather and all his original family were from the old Peruvian department of Tarapacá, now in Chile. Unable to control the political and economic troubles that the nation faced, he was forced to return power to civilian rule, marking the end of the
Revolutionary Government of the Armed Forces, installed by a
coup d'etat on
October 3,
1968.
Early years
Born in
Lima in 1921, he was the son of Army Colonel Remigio Morales Bermúdez and grandson of ex-President
Remigio Morales Bermúdez. He received most of his education at Lima's
Colegio Inmaculada. In 1939, he was accepted to the
Escuela Militar de Chorrillos (
Chorrillos Military School). After his graduation, he was an important member of the
Centro de Altos Estudios Militares (CAEM).
Political career
He achieved the rank of
Brigadier General and was appointed to his first political post in 1968 as minister of finance in the administration of
Fernando Belaúnde. Internal problems in government forced him to resign after two months.
In 1968, after Belaúnde had been deposed by a coup, the military government led by Velasco asked him to return to the post of Minister of Finance. In 1974, he resigned again, this time because he was appointed
Commander-in-Chief of the
Peruvian Army. In 1975, he was appointed to be both Prime Minister and Minister of War.
With Velasco's health deteriorating, Morales Bermúdez took over as President of Peru in 1975, leading the country through one of its most severe economic crises. He diverged from the socialist-leaning tendencies of first phase (1968-1975) of the Peruvian Revolution, proclaiming a 'Second Phase' that would lead to a return to democracy.
Legacy
The failure of his political and economic reforms was a severe blow to his administration, hampered by constant political pressure from all sides. A Constitutional Assembly was created in 1978, which replaced the 1933 Constitution enacted during
Oscar R. Benavides's presidency; he also called for national elections the next year.
After the 1980 National Elections he turned power over to a legally established government, headed by President
Fernando Belaúnde.
After his presidency, he kept a relatively low profile in Peruvian politics, making sporadic speeches regarding the situation of the army.
In 1985, he made an unsuccessful run for the presidency, obtaining a fraction of one percent of the vote.
Morales Bermudez is currently being prosecuted by Italian judge
Luisianna Figliolia for the presumed
forced disappearance of 25 Italian citizens in the frame of
Operation Condor, a campaign of political oppression against leftists orchestrated by the
right-wing dictatorships of South America in the
1970's.
Further Information
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